International Journal of Health Studies2423-65946320200822 Socioeconomic Status and Low Birth Weight: Shahroud 2017 2528 10.22100/ijhs.v6i3.766EN Mahshid Gholami Taramsari Ph.D. Candidate of Demography, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Reza Moeini Assistant Professor of Demography, Islamic Azad University ,Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran. Shahla Kazemipour Associate Professor of Demography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. 20200602 20200613 20200606 Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the most important health indicators and is one of the most important causes of infant mortality. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of family socioeconomic status (SES) on LBW in Shahroud. Methods:In this cross sectional study, 4242 neonates were entered in the study. Data gathering tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire and also we use electronic records of household’s health profile to complete data collection Form. Determinants of household’s SES were 10 economic factors, including household assets like; car ownership, computer and Internet access, microwave, cooking place, number of residential house rooms, type of heating and cooling equipment, bathroom in the house, mother’s history of foreign travel-tourism and for social factors there were 4 variables; father's education, mother's education, father's job and number of children. The logistic regression model was used by controlling the confounding variables to investigate the effect of socioeconomic factors on LBW.Results:Among study subjects, 312 (7.4 %) of them were LBW (CI 95%=6.6-8.1). The chance of low birth weight in neonates with low socioeconomic group was 2.6 times more than high class group (95% CI= 3.47 - 2.01).Conclusion: The quality of health services and the improvement of the socio-economic situation must be taken into account to reduce the inequity of LBW between poor and rich family neonates. (Keywords): Neonate, Socioeconomic status, Low Birth Weight, Shahroud.