Shahroud University of Medical siences International Journal of Health Studies (Undergoing change to Shahroud Journal of Medical Sciences) 2423-6594 10 4 2025 01 01 The Effect of Eight Weeks Aerobic Training with Citrus Aurantium on miR-1 and miR-22 in Left Ventricle of Elderly Female Rats; An Experimental Study 29 33 eng Anahita Sharifi Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. dr.anahita.sharifi@gmail.com Farshad Ghazalian Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.. phdghazalian@gmail.com Hossein Abednatanzi Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. abednatanzi@gmail.com 2024 11 24 2024 12 18 Background: Heart attack is the main cause of mortality in the elderly. Although the beneficial role of exercise and medicinal plants on heart health has been reported, the simultaneous effect of these factors on micromolecular pathways in heart tissue is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks aerobic training (AT) with Citrus Aurantium (CA) on miR-1 and miR-22 in left ventricle of elderly female rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 35 female Sprague-Dawley rats (age 14-18 months and weight of 270-320 g) were randomly divided into (1) control (C), (2) sham (normal saline/Sh) (3) CA, (4) AT and (5) AT+CA groups. The AT groups performed aerobic training for eight weeks, three sessions per week each lasting 25-41 minutes at a speed of 20-27 meters per minute. The CA groups received 300 mg/kg CA intra-peritoneally. One-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post-hoc tests was used for statistical data analysis (Pvalue≤0.05). Results: miR-1 and miR-22 levels in AT and AT+CA groups were significantly higher than in C and CA groups (P-value=0.001). miR-1 levels in AT+CA group were significantly lower than AT group (P-value=0.005) and miR-22 levels in AT group were significantly lower than AT+CA group (P-value=0.001). Conclusions: Aerobic training seems to be an effective factor on the improvement of miRs involved in left ventricular hypertrophy; nevertheless, Citrus Aurantium has no significant effect, or even modulates the effect of training.